As a kind of graphical virtual instrument programming language, LabVIEW has more advantages on signal generation, analysis and processing.It can be used to design virtual adaptive noise cancellation system, which can be applied in practical engineering of noise cancellation performance test validation.Based on the extraction of useful signals under strong background noise problem, this paper introduces the principle of adaptive noise cancellation, adaptive filtering algorithm and the three basic steps and process are expounded.Based on virtual instrument LabVIEW graphical programming language, virtual adaptive noise cancellation system is designed , and the system structure is simple, good manmachine interface.Under the system the three kinds of adaptive filtering algorithm are used to verify the noise cancellation performance, the results showed that the three kinds of adaptive filtering algorithm of filtering performance accords with the actual analysis, the validity and the correctness of the design is verified by the system.