In order to realize the intelligent control and system self-test of automatic weather station, a wireless communication system with self-test function is designed. The system uses RS232 serial port communication and GPRS wireless communication to connect a variety of meteorological signals to the automatic weather station through the bus interface. The ground equipment collects the element signals of the weather station according to the communication protocol. After completing various operations, the collected meteorological data is transmitted to the upper layer for terminal processing. The system measures the main meteorological elements through five self inspection measuring points, and the results are as follows: the five measured values of temperature are - 2.5OC, 12.2OC, 23.3OC, 28.6OCand 33.4OCrespectively, and the maximum error is 1.2%; the five measured values of humidity are 10.0%, 20.0%, 30.0%, 40.0% and 50.0%, and the error is 0; the five measured values of rainfall are 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm and 1mm respectively, and the error is 0; the five measured values of wind speed are 0 The measured values are 1.9m/s, 3.1m/s, 4.2m/s, 5.3m/s and 7.4 m/s respectively, and the maximum error is 4.5%, and the above measurement errors meet the requirements of meteorological observation specifications. The results show that the system can transmit the collected meteorological data to the upper layer for terminal processing, and realize the self-test function. When the equipment fault is found in the self-test, it will automatically alarm and remind, and push it to the business management personnel in real time, so as to shorten the fault response time, realize the intelligent control of the weather station, and improve the observation quality of the business data of the automatic weather station.