To overcome the limitations of the Hall sensor, a hybrid control strategy based on improved least squares method and integral sliding mode observer is proposed to achieve more accurate position detection using low-resolution signals. Firstly, the reliable start-up and smooth operation at low speeds are achieved using the improved least squares method. Secondly, upon reaching the specified switching speed, the system switches operating states, continuously correcting the integral sliding mode observer using the improved least squares method to reduce system lag and cumulative errors while making the output position signal as continuous as possible. Finally, a comparative experiment is conducted between the improved position detection strategy and the traditional first-order acceleration position detection strategy. The results show that the proposed improved position detection strategy increases the position detection accuracy by over 30% during motor start-up, reduces speed error to within 0.5% at medium to high motor speeds, and reduces position detection error to within 1%, demonstrating a higher level of position detection accuracy.