Aiming at the influence of various parameter changes on the transmission efficiency of the magnetic coupling resonant wireless power transmission system and the problem of low transmission efficiency. With the goal of improving the transmission efficiency of the system, the influence of frequency, resistance, coil mutual inductance and other parameters on the transmission efficiency was analyzed through Matlab simulation software, and the genetic simulated annealing algorithm was introduced to optimize the system operating frequency, coil turns, coil radius, coil distance and load resistance. Finally, the genetic simulated annealing algorithm was simulated in Python software, and a set of optimal solutions corresponding to the system parameters were obtained, so that the maximum transmission efficiency of the system can reach 94.27%. The simulation results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the optimization algorithm, which can effectively optimize the system parameters and thus improve the transmission efficiency of the wireless power transmission system, and has certain practical application value.