In order to obtain multimode and multichannel remote sensing images of remote sensing satellite cameras, this paper proposes the design and implementation method of spaceborne multi-mode and multi-channel image data acquisition and processing system, which can collect and transmit multi-channel image data of satellites in conventional mode and deorbit mode to the storage system, which solves the problem that the existing on-board storage unit cannot store multi-channel data in parallel. A multi-channel image acquisition module compatible with conventional mode and down-orbit mode is designed, and the collected image data is processed in multiple modes, multi-channel image normalization processing is realized through the polling scheduling algorithm, and finally the processed image data is transmitted to the storage system through the Aurora64/66B transmission protocol, completing the efficient acquisition and processing of data. After experimental testing, the system data acquisition transmission rate can reach 9.2 Gb/s, and the collected data is accurate and zero bit error. The system is stable and reliable, with good real-time performance, and meets the actual satellite use needs.