Aiming at the problem of poor identification accuracy of bridge moving load by integer Tikhonov regularization method (Tik), a bridge moving load identification method based on improved fractional Tikhonov regularization method (IFTik) is proposed. According to the theory of time domain method, the bridge moving load identification model is established to simulate the driving process of two axle vehicles on the bridge. The moving load is expressed as the differential form of moment response and acceleration response kernel function by kernel function method. The differential equation is transformed into linear equations by discretization method, which is solved by improved fractional Tikhonov regularization method. The results show that compared with FTik and Tik methods, IFTik method has certain advantages in recognition accuracy and noise resistance, and IFTik method has higher recognition accuracy at low noise level, and the recognition error is only 15% of FTik method; The identification result is less affected by the moment response, and has good robustness, which is more suitable for the field identification of bridge moving load.